Showing posts with label Projects. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Projects. Show all posts

Saturday, November 04, 2017

This is a story about success, and what it can do with you

If things go better than expected, plans might have to be changed. In this particular case it was my idea of a relaxed and productive summer time.

As long as the kids are not in school we spend our holidays outside the main summer season. This makes me one of the few lonely workers in the institute during summer break. It is a very relaxed and productive time, since daily disturbances and ad-hoc issues to deal with are reduced to an absolute minimum. The promise is an empty or at least significantly shortened todo list.

In the past years, summer time was always my opportunity to catch up with the fast-paced year and get well prepared for the second half. And so I expected it to be also in 2017. However, it came differently.

End of July, just after having finished our four-weeks master‘s practical, we were contacted by the coordinator of the project Dream Resource, where we are participating for Green Toxicology. Other than expected the project partners already successfully synthesised a set of promising substances. And they planned to disseminate their results at a conference mid October. However, the concept behind this synthesis is unique and very innovative. It should be patented, and the application had to be filed before the idea got shared with the community. What they were lacking, however, was proof of ready biodegradability. Deadline 28 September.

It was our task to do these experiments, and we knew this of course. But we weren't prepared to start the investigation in that very moment or even the next two weeks. We first had to buy the equipment and material. Now, for this scale of a biodegradability study we required purchase of equipment worth several thousands of Euros. And here the difficulties started.

As a university scientist you cannot just go to a retail store or on amazon and get whatever you like. There are certain rules attached to procurement. And in Germany they are especially strict if the amount of money to be spend exceeds EUR 5000. But procurement is not a fast process, it involves asking for competing quotes and ordering via central procurement of the university. These guys have way more to handle than that one application you are handing in. It ends up in a pile with the other applications, which is processed in order of receipt. Also, it doesn't help to label your application "urgent", since literally all of them are.

Now, the only way around this was to find a device for biodegradability studies that came at a price below this threshold. We luckily did so: two Hach BOD direct plus. And we could order them much faster than if going via central procurement. But then the supplier didn't have the devices on stock. So they organised that the next two units coming freshly out of manufacturing will immediately be delivered to them. They then processed our order with highest priority (in business this can be a working concept) and we received them just one day before we had to start the experiment to be able to run it for 28 days, as required by the OECD Guideline 301 Method F; which is one standardised procedure for such investigations.

The results we produced were what we hoped to see. Those novel substances are far better biodegradable than their conventional counterparts. The patent application got filed in time and the project partners could present their work at the conference without omitting central parts that might have otherwise harmed the patent.

So a full success! My summer time, however, was gone. Spent searching for suitable equipment, talking on the phone, comparing prices, writing emails, planning the experiment, and hoping that everything will work out in the one or the other way. It was an emotional rollercoaster, with one day good news, the other day bad news, one day hope and the other day resignation...and then hope again.

But we helped innovation, and since biodegradability of chemicals is an important aspect for the environment, we might have contributed to quality of life - if these substance are eventually substituting the conventional compounds. That's a good feeling, despite the lost summer time.

Friday, October 21, 2016

Should we drink an drive tea?

Research on biofuels recently suggested compounds that are already known as solvents or flavors to be alternatives for fossil fuels. We investigated the three candidate substances ethyl levulinate, methyltetrahydrofuran, and 2-methylfuran regarding their embryotoxic effectiveness using zebrafish.

Especially ethyl levulinate gave considerable toxicity. Very specifically it tended to reduce head length of zebrafish larvae. As a consequence, we recommended to not further continue developing this substance into a potential biofuel. Moreover, use of ethyl levulinate in, e.g., flavored tea should be critically revised. Read the full story on "Acute embryo toxicity and teratogenicity of three potential biofuels also used as flavor or solvent" (fulltext only with a subscription to the journal, sorry...).

Friday, October 14, 2016

Fish behaviour trajectories converted to usefulness

Zebrafish behaviour is a novel and upcoming endpoint in toxicity assessment of - at large - neuromodulating substances. This includes direct neurotoxicity as well as repellency and any other type of avoidance. Since zebrafish react to contaminants in the water at low nanograms per liter, behaviour measurement has the potential to be used for biological early warning systems.

However, usefulness of such data can be hampered by the independence of the distance moved (as one of the most common endpoints) from the trajectory's shape. A parameter is hence required to identify directed movement as an indication of avoidance behaviour.

In the W3-Hydro project we tested permethrin and cadmium as model substances using a Noldus DanioVision system. Obtained trajectories were converted to polar coordiantes and parametrized. Results showed that by this procedure pure distance-moved-data can be used to identify impact of contamination on zebrafish larvae behaviour. Read more on early detecting water contaminants Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (fulltext temporarily free, then limited to subscribers, sorry...).

Friday, April 29, 2016

Water quality monitoring of tomorrow - A tools vision

Current water quality monitoring relies mainly on chemical analytics to monitor occurence of a few fistful of priority compounds. This bears a great risk of missing new and emerging pollutants. To account for these the EU-FP7 SOLUTIONS project aims at developing, establishing and recommending (novel) analytical tools, that would be able to identify and also assess yet unknown substances in the aquatic environment.

Our three-pronged approach is to heavily improve target and non-target chemcial analytics, build a strong array of highly sophisticated bioanalytical test systems - i.e. effect-based tools - and further establish effect-directed analysis as a method to reliably identify drivers of toxicity. This whole vision was published in Science of the Total Environment as "Future water quality monitoring — Adapting tools to deal with mixtures of pollutants in water resource management" (fulltext access only through subscription, sorry...).

Friday, March 25, 2016

Marine research in Aachen - with a fresh water model organism


Oil spills in cold Baltic and Arctic Sea waters are a special challenge to investigate, and hence they are the research focus of our new EU H2020-funded collaborative project "Integrated oil spill response actions and environmental effects - GRACE". The project is coordinated by Kirsten Jörgensen of SYKE in Helsinki, Finland, and made it successfully through a two-stage process. This means that not only the initial project draft has been considered sufficiently good by a couple of reviewers, but also the then submitted full proposal received positive reviews.

In the project we strive together with our partners from Finland, Denmark, Estonia, Spain, Norway, Greenland, Sweden and Canada to comprehensively investigate the environmental impact of oil spills and provide measures for mitigation. Our part will be to establish the zebrafish as a model organism for oil spill detection and assessment. This brings a number of challenges:

  1. The zebrafish is a fresh water organism. Any effects of oil constituents have to be related to marine environments, including the impact of temperature and salinity. We will make comparisons to parallel experiments with marine stickleback to calibrate our model to the Baltic and Arctic Sea.
  2. We will develop a biosensor based on fish larvae behaviour that can travel on a ferry and make online measurements. The device will trigger an alert upon changes in behaviour and lead to more detailed effect-based investigations using reportergen assays.
  3. By means of a broad battery of assays and together with other partners of the project we intend to derive toxicity fingerprints of oil contaminations.
I am leader of the work package on the bioanalytical investigations. Two PhD students will work on the biosensor and the zebrafish model, respectively.

The whole project aims at developing novel tools and strategies for oil spill response, and increase the knowledge on the distribution, mobility, severity, impact and possibilities for mitigation of oil contaminations.

More information can be found later on the official project website, the project webpage of our institute and several press releases.
Currently, further information is available in a press release by SYKE.

Once more I happened to design the logo.

Tuesday, December 15, 2015

Passedoble - partition equilibrium asks for a dance


We got granted a joint project on the investigation of Baltic Sea sediments for hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs). It is a collaboration with Gesine Witt of HAW in Hamburg, Germany, and funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG).

In the project we plan to use a novel PDMS hollow fibre multiwell plate passive dosing format for direct application with loaded fibres from the sediment passive samplers of Gesine deployed at the Baltic Sea. This means that we deploy PDMS hollow fibres as a sorptive phase in Baltic Sea to collect contaminants from the sediments. Afterwards we use the very same fibres to directly dose the complex mixture of sediment contaminants in small-scale bioassays. Such a combination of passive sampling and dosing is very promising as an approach towards a more reliable assessment of sediment pollution.

An overview of the work programme is shown by the mindmap below. It is a complex interrelation network of passive sampling and dosing, extract testing, chemical analysis, recreated mixtures and worms body residue measurement. The project will provide valuable insight into the state of pollution of sediments in the Baltic Sea.

And once again I got to design a logo.

Work programme of the Passedoble project

Saturday, September 05, 2015

Working with engineers and architects on grown near net shape components


TEPHA is the acronym for "Technical Product Harvesting", a boost funds project on the idea of plant-derived near net shape components as an ecological and bioeconomical alternative to the conventional design and production of construction parts. It is a very interesting and highly challenging endeavour together with the engineering design, architects and plant scientists of RWTH Aachen University. Boost Funds means high risk research. It is money for starting rather crazy or at least risky research ideas. The funding is granted by RWTH Aachen University through the German Excellence Initiative.

Our part in the project is to conduct an LCA study for comparing environmental impact of the conventional production process of a simple chair with our TEPHA approach to grow the chair parts. The challenging bit is that we aim to develop a concept to integrate ecotoxicological data into LCA. Being die hard ecotoxicologists we will of course also conduct bioanalytical investigations on fertilisers, pesticides, and other additives required to grow near net shape plants. From all this will result a comprehensive database of plants with their different properties and characteristics. It will relate those parameters with the possible different functions of near net shape components and deliver the best suited plant candidates for a given purpose.

So far we succeeded to let bamboo shoots grow in a 90° angle and then more or less turn back to normal, thus forming another 90°. If you imagine the side parts of a simple chair, that's already quite close to what we seek for.

This also shows clearly that a boost fund project does not have to conduct rocket science in the beginning. We are allowed to first explore ideas, concepts and possibilities. Later on we are requested to apply for follow-up funding from other institutions.

The project logo was designed in a competition with me by Anna-Lena Beger, who is quite skilled with Photoshop.

For further information see the project page on our institute website.
Also available are the following conference papers:

Monday, December 22, 2014

Cooperation for an effect-based investigation of municipal waste waters

Its not happening often that ecotoxicologists are asked by a municipality to investigate their sewage waters. The City of Stolberg together with Wasserverband Eifel-Rur (WVER) did, and we agreed to give 10 samples from their sewage water system a thorough ecotoxicological look, including influents and effluents from the waste water treatment plant Stolberg-Steinfurt.

This small but very interesting project will be covered by the master's thesis of candidate Sarah Johann. We will apply a range of different bioassays to reveal any possible hazardous potential.
Stolberg is a city near Aachen and an industrial hotspot of the region. While they have extensive data on heavy metal concentrations from continuous monitoring, so far no in-depth investigation of organic contamination has been done. Our bioassays are very well suited and sensitive enough to detect such substances through their biological activity.

Any positive results we will gain do not necessarily indicate a problem at all. Concentrations traceable using bioassays are often well below any environmentally or even toxicologically relevant level. Also, we do not expect any severe findings. This is a completely unbiased study, driven by scientific curiosity.

The City of Stolberg and the WVER are just very strict regarding environmental and human safety. They do so much for quality assurance when it comes to their waste waters, they now also want to cover this aspect. For us the project is a fantastic opportunity to get access to well-defined, specific waste water samples from different, very interesting spots, to better understand distribution of contaminants along the sewage water flow, and to prove bioassays as valuable tools for waste water monitoring.

Saturday, December 13, 2014

Water to the power of 3 - Quality, Security and Management

The W3-Hydro project ("Water Quality Event Detection for Urban Water Security and Urban Water Management Based on Hydrotoxicological Investigations") is a BMBF-funded collaboration between RWTH Aachen University and the Technion in Haifa, Israel, within the Joint German-Israeli Water Technology Research Program. The project is coordinated by the Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management (IWW) under the lead of Prof. Holger Schüttrumpf.

We aim at an early event detection, identification and management of unforeseen, negative and sudden events for drinking water supply using hydrological in combination with ecotoxicological experimental investigations, together with water management and modelling.

Our part is (a) to develop an early warning system that automatically triggers sampling and further testing based on biotest systems, and (b) to investigate contaminant behaviour in the water-sediment-system for better understanding of substance transport and distribution.

We already built a custom-made low-cost pipetting robot for the automatic sampling, and started with the development of a flow-through device for behaviour monitoring of zebrafish larvae.

Futher info on the project can be found at http://w3hydro.org/

And again, I could enjoy designing a logo.

Thursday, November 06, 2014

SOLUTIONS - a project with a consortium that solves any problem

Since one year already we are part of the EU-funded collaborative research project "Solutions for present and future emerging pollutants in land and water resources management" (SOLUTIONS). It is one of the largest environmental research projects within the EU and promises nothing less than to find a solution for all substances and mixtures in European water bodies and suggest to the EU commission how future water quality assessment should look like.

Our part in this is to better predict the influence of already existing and "emerging" pollutants through an improved understanding of the effects of environmental burdens on cells and organisms.
For further info on the project in general and the work of our group go to:

http://www.solutions-project.eu/
https://www.facebook.com/pages/SOLUTIONS/442137955889022
https://twitter.com/SOLUTIONS_UFZ
http://www.rwth-aachen.de/go/id/gufw/?lidx=1#aaaaaaaaaaagufx
http://www.aachener-zeitung.de/lokales/region/der-gesundheit-unserer-seen-auf-den-grund-gehen-1.935379 (German)

What is truely unique to the project is the composition of the consortium. The partners are coming not only from all different countries and institutions - what is common to such large endeavours - but they all feature some specific expertise that might come in handy for someone else from the project. There is much less overlap of research fields than in other joint projects, providing a vast selection of different knowledge, tools, methods, equipment, skills, capabilities and the like. Literally we can say that the solution for any problem we encounter within the project lies in the consortium and just has to be asked for. What a good condition for our water bodies.

Monday, August 19, 2013

Dioxin-like activity of passive sampler extracts

Recently we did a very nice collaboration work with Dr. Emmanuel Emelogu of Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen in the framework of his PhD thesis. He sampled freely dissolved concentrations of hydrophobic organic contaminants in Scottish estuaries and tested the extracts at our labs using a specifically adapted RTL-W1 EROD assay in 24-well plates. Comparison of the biological activity with the chemical analysis data revealed that the majority of effect could not be attributed to the detected pollutants. Find the full article here.

New tools for Effect-directed analysis of emerging pollutants

Since October 2011 we are part of the FP7-funded Marie Curie Initial Training Network "EDA EMERGE - Novel Tools in Effect-Directed Analysis to Support the Identification and Monitoring of Emerging Toxicants on a European Scale". Our Early Stage Researcher (ESR) Carolina Di Paolo works on "Mechanism-specific screening tools in early life stages of Danio rerio". She combines mechanism-specific cell assays with test systems based on the zebrafish. At the department we run a battery of endpoint-related Danio assays.
To know more check out the web contents here and here.

Research for a harmonized test strategy for drinking water

In October 2011 we started working on the joint research project "Tox-Box – Hazard-Based Risk Management of Anthropogenic Trace Substances for the protection of the Drinking Water Supply" funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany (BMBF) and embedded in the government-funded action “Risk assessment of new pollutants and pathogens in the water cycle (RiSKWa)”.

The project is designed to enhance the existing Health-Related Indicator Value (HRIV) concept (German: GOW-Konzept - Gesundheitlicher Orientierungswert) through development and prioritisation of additional endpoint-related testing strategies.

Our sub project "Analysis of endocrine effects: Changes in steroidogenesis and reproduction toxicity" (SP 12) aims at establishment of endocrine disrupting potential of drinking water contaminants.
Seek more information here and here (latter one is German only).

I also had the pleasure to design the Tox-Box logo.